Colour Remarks Ruskin Is Wholly Relative; Each Hue Throughout A Work
: ON COLOURS AND COLOURING.is altered by every touch added in other places. Thus, to place white
beside a colour is to heighten its tone; to set black beside a colour is
to weaken its tone; while to put grey beside a colour, is to render it
more brilliant. If a dark colour be placed near a different, but lighter
colour, the tone of the first is heightened, while that of the second is
lowered. An important consequence of this principle is, that the first
effect may neutralize the second, or even destroy it altogether. What
was cold before, becomes warm when a colder colour is set near it, and
what was in harmony before, becomes discordant as other colours are put
beside it. For example, to place a light blue beside a yellow, tinges
it orange, and consequently heightens its tone. Again, there are some
blues so dark relatively to the yellow that they weaken it, and not only
hide the orange tint, but even cause sensitive eyes to feel that the
yellow is rather green than orange--a very natural result when it is
considered that the paler the yellow becomes, the more it tends to
appear green.
We learn from these relations of colours, why dapplings of two or more
produce effects in painting so much more clear and brilliant than
uniform tints obtained by compounding the same colours: and why
hatchings, or a touch of their contrasts, thrown as it were by accident
upon local tints, have the same effect. We see, too, why colours mixed
deteriorate each other, which they do more--in many cases--by
imperfectly neutralizing or subduing each other chromatically, than by
any chemical action. Finally, we are impressed with the necessity, not
only of using colours pure, but of using pure colours; although pure
colouring and brilliancy differ as much from crudeness and harshness, as
tone and harmony from murkiness and monotony.
The powers of colours in contrasting each other agree with their
correlative powers of light and shade, and are to be distinguished from
their powers individually on the eye, which are those of light alone.
Thus, although orange and blue are equal powers with respect to each
other, as regards the eye they are totally different and opposed. Orange
is a luminous colour, and has a powerfully irritating effect, while blue
is a shadowy colour, possessing a soothing quality--and it is the same,
in various degrees, with other colours.
There are yet further modes of contrast or antagonism in colouring,
which claim the attention and engage the skill of the colourist. Of the
More
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Blackened The Cobalt Blue Greened The Genuine Ultramarine Remained
... Blanc D'argent Or Silver White Ceruse Dutch White French
... Blue Is Furnished By Aureolin Alluded To In The Last Chapter The
secondary and tertiary colours, having all duplex relations, may incline without default to either of their relatives. ... Blue Of The Washtub And Blue Sand Of The Pottery Or The Dumont's
... Blue Sky Seemed By Contrast With The Ultramarine Of A Grey Or Slate
... Blue The Secondary Purple And Its Allies Crimson &c It Gives Some
degree of warmth to all colours, especially to those which partake of yellow. ... Body Was Formerly Prepared From Indigo--in Spanish Anil Whence The
name; but is now produced on a larger scale from benzol, a coal-tar product. As the source of mauve and magenta, aniline must be considered the parent of coal-tar colours generally. Little was known of it at one time except that on being mixed with a ... Body; By Which In Other Pigments Especially Those That Are
... Bole Almagra Sil Atticum Terra Sinopica &c They Are Rather
hues and tints than definite colours, or more properly belong to the tertiary, semi-neutral, and broken colours. As a rule they are native pigments, found in most countries, and very abundantly and fine in our own; but some are products of manufacture... Books It Is Named Vermilion In Allusion To The Insect Or Vermes
from which it is prepared. This insect is the "coccus ilicis," which feeds upon the leaves of the prickly oak in the south of Europe. Like the "coccus cacti," it is covered with a whitish dust, and yields a tinctorial matter soluble in water and alcoh... Brilliancy And Absolute In Permanency Cadmium Red Next Attracts
notice. This new aspirant for artistic fame is a most vivid orange-scarlet, the latter colour predominating, of intense fire, but with no approach to rankness or harshness, yielding delicate pale washes, and blending happily with white in the formatio... Brilliant Ultramarine Factitious Ultramarine Guimet's
... Brown Stil De Grain Citrine Lake Or Quercitron Lake Is Usually
prepared from the berries of Avignon (ramnus infectorius), better known as French, Persian, or Turkey berries; but a more durable and quicker drying species is obtained from the quercitron bark. If produced from the former, it must be branded as fugit... Browns And The Cold Semi-neutral Grays Marrone Is Practically To
shade, what red is to light; and its relations to other colours are those of red, &c., when we invert the scale from black to white. It is therefore a following, or shading, colour of red and its derivatives; and hence its accordances, contrasts, and ... Browns Grays And All Broken Colours It Is Likewise The Second
power in harmonizing and contrasting other colours, as well as in ... But A Mixture Of Black And White; But Pure Or Neutral Black And White
... But Run Under The Names Of Euchrome And Mineral Brown They Have
been introduced into commerce for civil and marine painting. TTITLE CASSEL EARTH, ... By Mixing His Colours With White The Artist Obtains His Tints By
... Called Also Mineral Yellow Has Improperly Been Classed As An
orpiment, from which it differs in not being a sulphide, and in containing lead. It is prepared from arsenic fluxed with litharge, and reduced to powder. It is much like orpiment in colour, dries better, and not being affected by lead, is less liable ... Called Also Mineral Yellow Is Found In Most Countries And Abundantly
in our own. It differs much both in constitution and colour, ranging from a tolerably bright though not vivid yellow to a brown-yellow, and is generally of a warm cast. Its natural variety is much increased by artificial dressing and compounding. The ... Called Also Spanish Ochre Is A Very Bright Yellow Or Roman Ochre
burnt, by which operation it acquires warmth, colour, transparency, and depth. Moderately bright, it forms good flesh tints with white, dries and works well both in water and oil, and is a very good and eligible pigment. It may be used in enamel paint... Called Brown And Enters Largely Into The Complex Hues Termed Buff
bay, tawny, tan, dan, dun, drab, chestnut, roan, sorrel, hazel, auburn, isabela, fawn, feuillemort, &c. Yellow is naturally associated with red in transient and prismatic colours, and is the principal power with it in representing the effects of warmt... Called Green In Landscape And Invisible Green In Mechanic Painting
It is to be noted that in producing these and other compound colours on the palette or canvass, those mixtures will most conduce to the harmony of the performance which are formed of pigments otherwise generally employed in the picture. Thus, presumin... Called When Levigated Body White Is An English White Lead In The
form of scales or plates, sometimes grey on the surface. It takes its name from its figure, is occasionally equal to Crems white in colour, and generally surpasses in body all other white leads. In composition, it is a mixture of protocarbonate and hy... Camboge Gamboage Cambogia Cambadium Cambogium
... Carmine Crimson Lake Scarlet Lake Purple Lake Chinese
... Carmine Pink Madder Rose Madder Madder Lake And Liquid
... Catechu Is An Extract Of The Khair Tree Or Acacia Catechu Of Bombay
Bengal, and other parts of India. With the exception of such earthy matters as are communicated to it during the preparation, or are added purposely as adulterants, catechu is entirely soluble both in water and alcohol. An aqueous solution has a reddi... Charcoal Liege Or Vine Black Is A Well-burnt And Levigated
charcoal prepared from vine twigs, of weaker body than ivory or lamp black, and consequently better suited to the grays and general mixed tints of landscape painting, in which it is not so likely to look black and sooty as the others may do. Of a cool... Chiefly Derived From A Genus Of Leguminous Plants Called Indigofera
found in India, Africa, and America. The colouring matter of these is wholly in the cellular tissue of the leaves, as a secretion or juice; not, however, in the blue state in which one is accustomed to see indigo, but as a colourless substance, which ... Chinese Rouge And Pink Saucers Have Much Of The Qualities Of And
appear to be also prepared from, the safflower. ... Citrine; While Mixed With Purple It Becomes The Other Extreme
... Coeruleum Of Pliny Were A Blue Copper Earth However That May Be In
these days both names signify cobalt compounds, coeruleum being a stannate of cobalt, and cyanine a mixture of cobalt and Prussian blue. Unlike the former, cyanine, being composed of two old colours, can lay no claim to originality. In the fourth chap... Colour
Other things being equal, those artificial ultramarines are most durable which possess the most colour; and all are, perhaps, most permanent in water. If used in that vehicle, care should be taken to employ a gum free from acid; also, whether in wat... Colour Also May Comprise A Similar Series Of Hues Between The Extremes
of the colours composing it. And as the relations of colours have been deduced regularly, from white or light to black or shade; so the same may be done, inversely, from black to white. On this plan the tertiaries, olive, russet, and citrine, take the... Colour It Has Already Been Observed Is Wholly Relative In
contrasting, therefore, any colour, if we wish it to have light or brilliancy, we cast its opposite into the shade; if we would have it warm, we cool its antagonist; and if transparent, we oppose it by an ... Colour Remarks Ruskin Is Wholly Relative; Each Hue Throughout A Work
is altered by every touch added in other places. Thus, to place white beside a colour is to heighten its tone; to set black beside a colour is to weaken its tone; while to put grey beside a colour, is to render it more brilliant. If a dark colour be p... Colours Are Advancing Or Retiring In Their Quality--as Depth
delicacy, &c., not in their hue. A blue object set side-by-side a yellow one will not look an inch farther off, but a red or orange cloud, in the upper sky, will always seem to be beyond a blue cloud close to us, as it ... Colours It Is Composed Of The Extreme Primaries Yellow And Blue
and is most perfect in hue when constituted in the proportions of three of yellow to eight of blue of equal intensities; because such a green will exactly neutralize and contrast a perfect red in the ratio of eleven to five, either of space or power. ... Colours It Is The Coolest As Well As The Nearest In Relation To Black
or shade; in which respect, and in never being a warm colour, it resembles blue. In other respects also, purple partakes of the properties of blue, which is its archeus, or ruling colour; hence it is to the eye a retiring colour, that reflects light l... Colours With The Neutral Black Of The Various Combinations Of Black
those in which yellow, orange, or citrine predominates, have obtained the name of brown, &c. A second class in which the compounds of black are of a predominant red, purple, or russet hue, comprises marrone, chocolate, &c. And a third class, in which ... Colours:--
... Combined With Blue Cool And Retiring It Is However More Congenial
with yellow than with blue, and thence partakes more of the character of the former in its effects of warmth, the influence of light and distance, and action on the eye, by which the power of vision is diminished on viewing this colour in a strong lig... Composition Chemical Analysis Has Shown Several Of The Blues To Be
oxide of copper with a small proportion of iron; none containing cobalt. There is little doubt, however, that the most brilliant specimens--those which retain all their original force and beauty in the temples of Upper Egypt after an exposure of three... Composition Of Black
As a pigment, yellow is a tender delicate colour, easily defiled, when pure, by other colours. In painting it diminishes the power of the eye by its action in a strong light, at the same time becoming less distinct as a colour; while, on the contrar... Compound In Infinite Shades All Of Which Are Neutral Also Or Grey
... Compounded And Be As A Mixture Semi-stable Or Fugitive
It need hardly be observed that the number of permanent orange, green, and purple hues which the artist can compound, depends mainly on the number of permanent yellows, reds, and blues at his disposal. In mixed orange, therefore, a selection of dura... Compounding Black And All Other Neutrals Into Which It Enters In The
proportion of five,--to blue, eight,--and yellow, three. Red is a colour of double power in this respect too; that, in union or ... Compounds Termed Purpurates Among Them May Be Mentioned A Red
purpurate of lead, a purple-red and a rose-coloured purpurate of mercury, a purple-red purpurate of silver, a dark red-brown purpurate of strontia, a crystalline red purpurate of cobalt, a scarlet purpurate of platinum, a yellow purpurate of zinc, and... Comprise And Are Known Under The Names Of:--white Lead Flake White
... Comprise Cerulian Blue Or Coeruleum Cobalt Blue Smalt
... Comprise Red Ochre Indian Red Light Red Venetian Red
... Comprise The Varieties Known As French Ultramarine French Blue
... Connexion With Yellow It Becomes Hot And Advancing; But Mixed Or
... Constitutes In Like Manner The Tertiary Russet Of The Three Secondary
... Contains Among Other Substances A Fine White Lazulite In The Musee
... Contrast Of Hues Upon Which Depend The Brilliancy Force And Harmony
of colouring, we have just spoken; but there is, secondly, the contrast ... Cory's Yellow Madder Or Cory's Madder Is Classed Among The Browns
for the same reason that Italian Pink was ranked among the yellows. It was stated in the eighth chapter that no true madder yellow, brilliant and pure, exists as a pigment at the present day, and certainly this preparation can lay no claim to the titl... Crimson To A Delicate Rose And Are Known As Madder Carmine Field's
... D'encouragement Of Paris Which Was Won In 1828 By M Guimet It Is
fitting that the discoverer of a colour should excel in its manufacture, and to this day Guimet's ultramarine is the finest made. As an instance of how the researches of different men may, almost simultaneously, lead to the same results, it is curious... Deep Green; Or When The Russet Inclines To Orange A Gray Or
... Described As Cory's Brown Madder
... Desiccation Or Drying The Well-known Additions Of The Acetate Or
sugar of lead, litharge, and sulphate of zinc, either mechanically ground, or in solution, for light colours; and japanner's gold size, or oils boiled upon litharge, for lakes; or, in some cases, manganese and verdigris for dark colours, are resorted ... Distilled Verdigris Or More Properly Refined Verdigris The Best Is
made at Montpellier in France, and is a sub-acetate of copper of a bright green colour inclining to blue. The least durable of the copper greens, it soon fades as a water-colour by the action of light, &c., and becomes first white and ultimately black... Drive The Colour Too Bare Ie Never To Empty The Brush Too Closely
but always to replenish before more is actually required. This first wash of colour not only gives a tone to the paper, but secures the pencil sketch from being rubbed out. The reason why, in this compound, yellow ochre, as a yellow, is preferred t... Egypt The Greeks Obtained The Knowledge Of Their Ars Chromatica
which they are said to have carried by gradual advances during several centuries, from the monochromatic of their earlier painters, to the perfection of colouring under Zeuxis and Apelles, 450 to 350 B.C. Unfortunately, not long after, or about 300 B.... Employed Under The Name Of Liquid Asphaltum
TTITLE BISTRE is extracted by watery solution from the soot of wood fires, whence it derives a strong pyroligneous scent. It is a very powerful citrine-brown, washes well, and has a clearness suited to architectural subjects. Its use is confined ... Enamel Blue Vienna Blue Paris Blue Azure &c And Are
obtained by the action of heat on mixtures of earthy or metallic bases with cobalt. They are divisible into three classes--the stannic cerulian blue, the aluminous cobalt blues, and the siliceous smalts. Of these, the first possesses the least depth; ... English Red Persian Red Prussian Red Spanish Red Brown
... English Vermilion Spanish Brown Majolica Redding Ruddle
... Even Now It Is Urged By Some To The Disparagement Of The British
school, that it excels in colouring; as if this were incompatible with any other excellence, or as if nature, the great prototype of art, ever dispensed with it. The graphic branches of painting, owe everything to colour, which, if it does not constit... Example Be In A State Which Chemists Have Termed Protoxide They Are
liable to absorb oxygen on exposure to light, air, or moisture, and ...