Or French Blue Is A Rich Deep Colour But Less Transparent And Vivid
: ON THE PRIMARY, BLUE.than the preceding variety, which is preferable in unmixed tints. For
compound hues, French blue is sufficiently well adapted, and is
extremely useful. With aureolin and burnt Sienna, or Vandyke brown, it
affords valuable autumn greens; and with lamp black, or lamp black and
light red, good stormy clouds. A sombre gray for distant mountains is
furnished by French blue and madder brown, with a very little gamboge;
and a
red and rose madder. With cadmium and orient yellows, sepia, viridian,
and many other colours, this ultramarine is of service.
TTITLE NEW BLUE
Is confined to water-colour painting, and is an artificial ultramarine,
holding a middle position between French blue and permanent blue, being
less deep than the one and less pale than the other. It may be said to
hover in tint between a rich ultramarine and cobalt.
TTITLE PERMANENT BLUE
Is a pale ultramarine, with a cobalt hue; and, in spite of its name,
less permanence than belongs to the richer and deeper sorts. What
Antwerp blue is to Prussian blue, this is to French blue--that is, as
regards colour. With respect to durability, however, permanent and
Antwerp blues cannot be compared; the former being a weakened variety of
a stable, and the latter a weakened variety of a semi-fugitive, pigment.
Hence permanent blue justifies its name, although that name would be
more suited to the brilliant, or French, ultramarine.
TTITLE GENUINE ULTRAMARINE,
More
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Note Here The Difference Between Gray As Spelt With An A And Grey As
... Numerous Colours Are Likewise Injured By Lime And Fire And Cannot
therefore be employed in fresco, or enamel painting. Of substances which may act deleteriously on colours, there remain the ... Ochre Oxford Ochre Stone Ochre Di Palito &c Are Native
earths, consisting chiefly of silica and alumina in combination with iron, which latter forms the principal colouring matter. They are among the most ancient of pigments, and their permanency is proved by the state of the old pictures. In a box of col... Of Late Years In The German Coelin Known Here As Cerulian Blue And
Coeruleum. What is chiefly wanted, however, is a colour combining the wonderful depth, richness, and transparency of Prussian blue with the strict stability of ultramarine. A permanent Prussian blue would be the most valued gift the palette could rece... Of Lead &c
The heaviest and whitest of these are the best, and in point of colour and body, are superior to all other whites. When pure and properly applied in oil and varnish, they are comparatively safe and durable, drying well without addition; but excess o... Of Shades Between The Extremes Of Light And Dark As Each Compound
... Of Shades To This Belong All The Powers Of Chiaroscuro By Which Term
the painter denotes the harmonious effects of light and shade; and though they form the simplest part of colouring, yet they cannot be separated from it--light and shade, the chiaroscuro, being a distinct and important branch of painting. A third mode... Of The Bixa Orellana And Appears Generally To Contain Two Colouring
matters, a yellow and a red, which are apt to adhere to each other and produce orange. Anotta dissolves with difficulty in water, but readily in alcohol and alkaline solutions, from which last it may be thrown down as a lake by means of alum. Being, h... Of The Gold Coast The Cape And Natal Turacine The Name Proposed
for it, is noticed here only because it is the first animal or vegetable pigment, with copper as an essential element, which has been hitherto isolated. The colour is extracted by solution in an alkali, and precipitation by an acid, and is changed on ... Of These There Are Three Tints Deep A So-called Pale And Lemon
TTITLE DEEP CADMIUM. Cadmium Yellow is comparatively a recent introduction, the metal itself not having been discovered till 1818. The cadmium yellows of commerce are (the chromate excepted) all sulphides, and therefore not affected by impure air... Of Those Pigments Would Do The Rich Yellowness Entirely Disappearing
and the sober-coloured earth being left behind. * * * * * From several metals besides those mentioned, yellows more or less vivid and durable may be obtained--from tin, nickel, cerium, molybdenum, &c.; but we do not... Of Which Black And White Have Been Stated To Be The Opposed
... Olive And Is Also The Prime Colour Or Archeus Of The Neutral Black
... Olive In Dark Green; Russet And Citrine In Dark Orange The
tertiaries have, therefore, the same order of relation to black that the primaries have to white; and we have black primaries, secondaries, and tertiaries, inversely, as we have white primaries, secondaries, and tertiaries, directly. In other words, w... Once Known As Persian Red Is Brought From Bengal It Is A Natural
earth rich in peroxide of iron, of a purple russet hue and good body, and valued when fine for the clearness and soft lakey tone of its tints. In a crude state it is a coarse powder, full of extremely hard and brilliant particles of a dark appearance ... Only That Of Extreme Light Objects Opaque It Follows That White Is To
be kept as much as possible out of shadow, and black, for the same reason, out of colour. In their stead, whenever it is necessary to cover, opaque tints may be employed, glazed over with transparent colours. Such practice would also be more favourabl... Opacity Is A Fine Tone; But It Must Be Remembered That Transparency
is the character of the sunset or sunrise, and hence arises the difficulty of employing such opaque colour effectively." Before the introduction of cadmium red, this and the following pigment were the best and only unexceptionable orange-reds known. I... Opaque Contrary And Vice Versa: Indeed In Practice All These Must
be in some measure combined. Such are some of the powers of contrast in colouring alone, and such is the diversity of art upon which skill in colouring depends. It must not be forgotten, however, that contrasts or extremes, whether of light and sha... Opaque Oxide Of Chromium Green Oxide Of Chromium Chrome Oxide
... Or Brun De Mars Is Either A Natural Or Artificial Ochre Containing
iron, or iron and manganese. Of much richness and strict permanence, it resembles raw umber in being a brown with a citrine cast, but is generally marked by a flush of orange which is not so observable in the latter pigment. TTITLE MIXED CITRINE. ... Or Burnt Terra Di Sienna Is Calcined Raw Sienna Of A Rich
transparent brown-orange or orange-russet colour, richer, deeper, and more transparent than the raw earth. It also works and dries better, has in other respects the qualities of its parent colour, and is a most permanent and serviceable pigment in pai... Or Cappagh Brown Is Likewise A Colour Peculiar To Oil It Is A
species of bog-earth or peat, mixed with manganese in various proportions, and found on the estate of Lord Audley at Cappagh, near Cork. The specimens in which the peat earth most abounds are of light weight, friable texture, and dark colour; while th... Or Carmine Vermilion Partakes Of A Crimson Hue And Is Adapted
mixed with white, for the rose and lilac-tints of some complexions. Like other vermilions, however, the colour needs much nicety of management; and it must not be attempted to further enrich it by admixture of cochineal lakes. Those colours, as we hav... Or Coeruleum Under The Name Coelin There Has Of Late Years Been
imported from Germany the cobalt blue with a tin base to which reference has just been made. This comparatively new pigment--which likewise contains or is mixed with gypsum, silica, and sometimes magnesia--has the distinctive property of appearing a p... Or Ferricyanide Of Iron Is Formed By Adding The Red Prussiate Of
potash to a protosalt of iron. This blue is lighter and more delicate than ordinary Prussian blue, and is believed to resist the action of alkalies longer. It is a question whether the common Prussian blue obtained by oxidizing the precipitate yielded... Or Field's Carmine Like That Of Cochineal Is The Richest And Deepest
lake prepared, containing most colouring matter and least base. It differs from the paler products chiefly in transparency and intensity, and is the only durable carmine for painting either in water or oil; for both which it is qualified by texture wi... Or French Blue Is A Rich Deep Colour But Less Transparent And Vivid
than the preceding variety, which is preferable in unmixed tints. For compound hues, French blue is sufficiently well adapted, and is extremely useful. With aureolin and burnt Sienna, or Vandyke brown, it affords valuable autumn greens; and with lamp ... Or French Veronese Green Is A Comparatively Recent Introduction
similar in colour and general properties to the following; beside which, however, it appears dull, muddy, and impure. It is often adulterated with arsenic to an enormous extent, which interferes with its transparency, mars its beauty, and renders it o... Or Green Earth Is A Sober Bluish Green With A Grey Cast It Is A
species of ochre, containing silica, oxide of iron, magnesia, potash, and water. Not bright and of little power, it is a very durable pigment, being unaffected by strong light or impure air, and combining with other colours without injury. It has not ... Or Indian Blue Was Known To The Ancients Under The Name Of Indicum
whence its present appellation. In modern Europe, it first came into extensive use in Italy; but about the middle of the sixteenth century, the Dutch began to import and employ it in considerable quantity. Present in the woad plant, which is a native ... Or Iodine Scarlet Is An Iodide Of Mercury Having The Body And
opacity of vermilion, and being as much inferior to it in permanence as it is superior in brilliancy. Of all artistic pigments, it is at once the most dazzling and the most fugitive, and should have no place on the palette. If used, it should be with ... Or L500 For The Production Of Artificial Ultramarine By The Societe
... Or Lamblack Is A Smoke Black Being The Soot Procured By The Burning
of resins or resinous woods. It is a pure vegetal charcoal of fine texture, not quite so intense nor so transparent as the black made from ivory, but less brown in its pale tones. It has a very strong body that covers readily every underlay of colour,... Or Masticot Is A Protoxide Of Lead Varying From The Purest And Most
tender straw colour to a dull orange yellow, and known as Light, Yellow, and Golden Massicot. It has in painting all the properties of white lead, from which it may be prepared by gentle calcination in an open furnace. In tint with that pigment, howev... Or Mineral Grey As It Is Often Improperly Spelt Is Obtainable From
the lapis lazuli, after the blue and ash have been worked out. So derived, it is a refuse article, worthless if the stone has been skilfully exhausted of its ultramarine. As this is now generally the case, the best mineral gray is no longer a waste pr... Or More Correctly Semi-neutral Tint Is A Compound Shadow Colour Of
a cool character. It is permanent, except that on exposure the gray is apt to become grey, a change which may be prevented by a slight addition of ultramarine ash. So protected, it becomes serviceable in landscape for the extreme distance, which, it m... Or Mountain Green Is Met With In Cumberland And Is Also Found In The
... Or Penley's Neutral Orange Is A Permanent Compound Pigment Composed
of yellow ochre and the russet-marrone known as brown madder: it is chiefly valuable in water-colour. Paper, being white, is too opaque to paint upon, without some wash of colour being first passed over it; otherwise the light tones of the sky are apt... Or Queen's Yellow Is A Subsulphate Of Mercury Of A Beautiful Lemon
yellow colour, but so liable to change by the action of light or impure air, that it cannot be used safely, and hardly deserves attention as a pigment. ... Or Quercitron Yellow Is What Its Name Implies It Is Dark In
substance, in grains of a glossy fracture, perfectly transparent, and when ground is of a beautiful yellow colour. In painting it follows, and adds richness and depth to, gamboge in water, and goes well into varnish; but any lead used in rendering oil... Or Rouge De Mars Is An Artificial Iron Ochre Similar In Subdued Tint
and permanence to the native earths. Its chemical affinities, however, are greater than those of the latter, and it therefore requires to be employed cautiously with pigments affected by iron. In this respect the red resembles its compeers, Mars yello... Or Swedish Green Resembles The Preceding Variety In Being A Compound
of copper and arsenic, and therefore rankly poisonous; but differs from it in containing no acetic acid, in possessing less opacity, and in having a darker shade. It is a cupric arsenite, with the common attributes of emerald green, under which name i... Or Viride Aeris Is Of Two Kinds Common Or Impure And Crystallized Or
... Orange As Well As Its Relatives Scarlet And Other Warm Colours
... Orange Chrome Or Orange Chromate Of Lead Is A Sub-chromate Of Lead
of an orange-yellow colour, produced by the action of an alkali on chrome yellow. Like all the chromates of lead, it is characterized by power and brilliancy; but also by a rankness of tone, a want of permanence, and a tendency to injure organic pigme... Orange De Mars Is A Subdued Orange Of The Burnt Sienna Class But
without the brown tinge that distinguishes the latter. Marked by a special clearness and purity of tone, with much transparency, it affords bright sunny tints in its pale washes, and combines effectively with white. Being an artificial iron ochre it i... Orange For Instance Which Is Naturally An Orange Pigment And Not
composed of red and yellow, is superior to many mixtures of those colours in a chemical sense, and to all such mixtures in an artistic sense. At the same time, it is quite possible for the artist to multiply his pigments unnecessarily. Colours are som... Orange Russet Russet Rubiate Or Field's Russet This Is A Very
rich crimson russet with a flush of orange; pure, transparent, and of a middle hue between orange and purple. Prepared from the madder root, it is not subject to change by the action of light, time, or mixture of other pigments. Although not so much e... Orange Vermilion
TTITLE VERMILION, Deep or pale, when well made and pure is of strict permanence, not sensibly affected by light, time, or foul air; and eligible either in water, oil, or fresco. For an enamel colour it is unsuited, being dissipated at a red heat,... Otherwise Called Berlin Blue Paris Blue Prussiate Of Iron
... Oxide Of Manganese Which Gives The Red Hue And That Of Cobalt Which
... Paint Its Colouring Matter Or Anchusin Has The Character Of A Resin
and is dark-red, softened by heat, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and alkalis, and freely so in ether, fats, and volatile oils, to all of which it imparts a brilliant red hue. To obtain anchusin, all the soluble matters are first abstracted fr...